ABSTRACT
The global evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is known to all. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is expected to worsen, and mortality will be higher when combined with myocardial injury (MI). The combination of novel coronavirus infections in patients with MI can cause confusion in diagnosis and assessment, with each condition exacerbating the other, and increasing the complexity and difficulty of treatment. It would be a formidable challenge for clinical practice to deal with this situation. Therefore, this review aims to gather literature on the progress in managing MI related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. This article reviews the definition, pathogenesis, clinical evaluation, management, and treatment plan for MI related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia based on the most recent literature, diagnosis, and treatment trial reports. Many studies have shown that early diagnosis and implementation of targeted treatment measures according to the different stages of disease can reduce the mortality rate among patients with MI related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The reviewed studies show that multiple strategies have been adopted for the management of MI related to COVID-19. Clinicians should closely monitor SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients with MI, as their condition can rapidly deteriorate and progress to heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and/or cardiogenic shock. In addition, appropriate measures need to be implemented in the diagnosis and treatment to provide reasonable care to the patient.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a major global health problem. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and exhibits pulmonary and extrapulmonary effects, including cardiovascular involvement. There are several attempts to identify drugs that could treat COVID-19. Moreover, many patients infected with COVID-19 have underlying diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases. These patients are more likely to develop severe illnesses and would require optimized treatment strategies. The current study gathered information from various databases, including relevant studies, reviews, trials, or meta-analyses until April 2022 to identify the impact of SARS-CoV-2 treatment on the cardiovascular system. Studies have shown that the prognosis of patients with underlying cardiovascular disease is worsened by COVID-19, with some COVID-19 medications interfering with the cardiovascular system. The COVID-19 treatment strategy should consider many factors and parameters to avoid medication-induced cardiac injury, mainly in elderly patients. Therefore, this article provides a synthesis of evidence on the impact of different COVID-19 medications on the cardiovascular system and related disease conditions.